RabbitMQ安装

前言

用过消息队列的应该知道，它的作用有：异步处理、应用解耦、流量削峰、日志处理等等。

之前用过的 ActiveMQ 消息队列，但是新东家使用的是 RabbitMQ，所以接下来会着重学习下 RabbitMQ，并结合一些实际应用场景开发一些小 Demo，争取能在入职前对其有一个基本的掌握。

RabbitMQ安装

学习 RabbitMQ 就要先安装它，Mac 上安装 RabbitMQ 可直接利用 homebrew 安装即可，非常简单。主要学习下 CentOS7上安装 RabbitMQ。

RabbitMQ是用 Erlang 语言编写的，所以首先要安装 Erlang 语言环境。

安装erlang

下载地址：http://www.erlang.org/downloads

CentOS7上可以

//安装 Erlang
yum -y install erlang
//查看 Erlang 安装位置
whereis erlang
erlang: /usr/lib64/erlang

安装完后输入 erl验证 Erlang是否安装成功：

erl
Erlang R16B03-1 (erts-5.10.4) [source] [64-bit] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]

Eshell V5.10.4  (abort with ^G)
1>

表示安装成功。

安装rabbitmq

下载地址：http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/
RabbitMQ 版本用的rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-..*.tar.gz的版本。以最新的3.16.15为例：

tar -xvf rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.6.15.tar.xz -C /opt
cd /opt
mv rabbitmq_server-3.6.15 rabbitmq

修改/etc/profile文件，添加下面的环境变量：

export PATH=$PATH:/opt/rabbitmq/sbin

最后执行source /etc/profile让文件生效。

运行：

//-detached  让 rabbitmq 后台启动
rabbitmq-server -detached 

执行rabbitmqctl status查看rabbitmq是否正常启动：

Status of node rabbit@yakai
[{pid,18241},
 {running_applications,
     [{rabbitmq_management,"RabbitMQ Management Console","3.6.15"},
      {rabbitmq_web_dispatch,"RabbitMQ Web Dispatcher","3.6.15"},
      {cowboy,"Small, fast, modular HTTP server.","1.0.4"},
      {cowlib,"Support library for manipulating Web protocols.","1.0.2"},
      {rabbitmq_management_agent,"RabbitMQ Management Agent","3.6.15"},
      {amqp_client,"RabbitMQ AMQP Client","3.6.15"},
      {inets,"INETS  CXC 138 49","5.9.8"},
      {rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.6.15"},
      {os_mon,"CPO  CXC 138 46","2.2.14"},
      {rabbit_common,
          "Modules shared by rabbitmq-server and rabbitmq-erlang-client",
          "3.6.15"},
      {ranch,"Socket acceptor pool for TCP protocols.","1.3.2"},
      {compiler,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","4.9.4"},
      {syntax_tools,"Syntax tools","1.6.13"},
      {ssl,"Erlang/OTP SSL application","5.3.3"},
      {public_key,"Public key infrastructure","0.21"},
      {asn1,"The Erlang ASN1 compiler version 2.0.4","2.0.4"},
      {crypto,"CRYPTO version 2","3.2"},
      {xmerl,"XML parser","1.3.6"},
      {recon,"Diagnostic tools for production use","2.3.2"},
      {mnesia,"MNESIA  CXC 138 12","4.11"},
      {sasl,"SASL  CXC 138 11","2.3.4"},
      {stdlib,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","1.19.4"},
      {kernel,"ERTS  CXC 138 10","2.16.4"}]},
 {os,{unix,linux}},
 {erlang_version,
     "Erlang R16B03-1 (erts-5.10.4) [source] [64-bit] [async-threads:64] [hipe] [kernel-poll:true]\n"},
 {memory,
     [{connection_readers,0},
      {connection_writers,0},
      {connection_channels,0},
      {connection_other,2720},
      {queue_procs,161456},
      {queue_slave_procs,0},
      {plugins,2127960},
      {other_proc,20870328},
      {metrics,70160},
      {mgmt_db,539808},
      {mnesia,88520},
      {other_ets,2239616},
      {binary,1637280},
      {msg_index,46456},
      {code,27110331},
      {atom,992409},
      {other_system,9108788},
      {allocated_unused,13893448},
      {reserved_unallocated,270016},
      {total,79159296}]},
 {alarms,[]},
 {listeners,[{clustering,25672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"::"},{http,15672,"::"}]},
 {vm_memory_calculation_strategy,rss},
 {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4},
 {vm_memory_limit,416220774},
 {disk_free_limit,50000000},
 {disk_free,38123782144},
 {file_descriptors,
     [{total_limit,65435},
      {total_used,9},
      {sockets_limit,58889},
      {sockets_used,0}]},
 {processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,343}]},
 {run_queue,0},
 {uptime,1029004},
 {kernel,{net_ticktime,60}}]

出现如上所述表示安装成功！

启动管理插件

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

之后打开页面输入http://yourip.com:15672/可以查看 rabbitmq 控制台，如果是在本地启动，默认账户密码都上guest（guest 默认只能登陆 localhost）。如果是在远程服务器上安装的 RabbitMQ，则需要添加其他用户。

停止 RabbitMQ

rabbitmqctl stop